The Parthenon
(Greek) in Athens is the most famous surviving building of
Ancient Greece and one of the most famous buildings in the world.
The Parthenon has stood atop the Acropolis of Athens for nearly
2,500 years and was built to give thanks to Athena, the city's patron
goddess,
for the salvation of Athens and Greece in the Persian Wars. The building
was officially called the Temple of Athena the Virgin; "Parthenon" comes
from the Greek word parthenos, "virgin."
Throughout its long
life, the Parthenon has functioned most importantly as a Greek temple,
but has also been a treasury, a fortress,
a church, and a mosque. Today, it is one of the most recognizable
icons and popular tourist attractions in the world.